I forecast one, as compared to coeducational school pupils, single-sex school pupils would have highest sex salience (H
1), fewer other-gender friends (Hdos), and higher anxiety in mixed-gender situations (Hstep 3). Prior studies have not found any consistent moderating effect of student gender on the differences related to single-sex schooling, and we expected the school differences to be similar in boys and girls (Hcuatro). Nevertheless, we included student gender as a potential moderator as most prior studies did [4,13]. Across the two samples, we predicted that differences between single-sex and coeducational school students ple as the school differences may attenuate when all students were exposed to similar mixed-gender environments after graduation (H5). Also, we hypothesized that the potential school difference in mixed-gender anxiety was mediated by gender salience (H6) and mixed-gender friendships (Height).
Professionals.
Participants was basically recruited of four local large universities (you to the-women, that all the-males as well as 2 coeducational) situated in demographically diverse districts in the Hong-kong. Participants included Setting step 1 so you can six (seven th in order to several th degrees) youngsters with the exception of brand new all the-women college, at which Setting six pupils was indeed omitted because of the school’s arrangement to possess social test thinking. Questionnaires have been applied because of the a category professor in per category. Players completed procedures into the created parameters and you will stated the monthly family members income, parental knowledge and you may many years, variety of siblings and you can brothers, and ethnicity. This study are carried out in conformity into the suggestions and you can recognition of the University off Hong kong Individual Browse Ethics Committee (HKU HREC). Students’ assent and you may passive concur away from mothers otherwise guardians have been obtained ahead of analysis range. Every sufferers provided composed informed consent according to the Statement away from Helsinki.
A total of 2083 students participated in the study (participation rate: 84%). Twenty-four subjects were excluded from analyses due to missing or extreme data (11 coeducational school students did not indicate their gender and 13 students reported extremely unlikely values on demographic variables). The final sample (N = 2059, Mage = years, SD = 2.03) consisted of 589 boys and 376 girls from the two coeducational schools, 416 boys from the all-boys school, and 678 girls from the lds planet reddit all-girls school. This sample size had over 99% a priori power to detect small differences (.20 < d < .30) at ? = .05, two-tailed . Participants were mainly Chinese (89%). Among the four participating schools, the all-boys school and one coeducational school were in Band 2, while the all-girls school and the other coeducational school were in Band 3. All participating schools used Chinese as the teaching language. Some schools used spoken Cantonese and some used spoken Mandarin in class, but they used the same written language in formal printed materials. Therefore, the questionnaires were printed in Chinese. Consistent with prior research [3,4,8], participants from single-sex schools had parents with higher education level, t(2042) = -7.157, p < .001, and attended more academically excellent schools, t(2023) = -, p < .001, unequal variances, than did participants from coeducational schools. The average parental education level of the sample (i.e., between junior secondary to senior secondary) was similar to a representative sample of over 9000 students from local high schools, one from each of the 19 districts in Hong Kong . Detailed participant characteristics are presented in Table 1.
Gender salience measure.
Sex salience try mentioned from the McGuire ainsi que al.is why method . Which size has been shown is associated with the otherwise impacted of the gender composition [27,53]. Professionals was basically questioned supply three brief responses to each and every from both of these issues: “Let me know what you are” and you may “Let me know what you’re maybe not”. These people were trained to write down what they you certainly will contemplate quickly. The answers was next coded while the “gender-related” otherwise “non-gender-related”. Desk dos shows types of that it programming scheme. Answers was in fact earliest coded individually because of the one or two programmers. Inter-rater reliability are large for all responses (all ? > .93). Disagreements were next fixed by conversations between the two coders. The number of intercourse-related responses along the one or two issues try summed to indicate gender salience.